Topic: excipients

Excipient are all other substances formulated together with the active ingredient into a medication. Since pharmaceutical regulations require that all ingredients are proven to be safe, analysis of excipients are frequently performed.

Because many active ingredients are small molecule bases that carry a positive charge, these molecules are formulated together with negatively charged counterion excipients. Counterions are often quantified using ion chromatography (IC), but also ion-exclusion chromatography (IEC / ICE), hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC), and even reversed phase (RP) HPLC may be more appropriate depending on the nature of the anion, the composition of the formulation, and the analysis requirements.

To learn more, browse the application examples below, return to the knowledge overview, or contact Diduco to discuss your specific analysis.

Applications

ion chromatography

Analysis of dietary supplement capsules with carnitine using a generic method for counterions

Oral L-carnitine is a dietary supplement that has been shown to reduce fatigue in elderly people with low muscular endurance, but its effects on athletes during physical activity are not well-supported. Although this endogenous compound is well-known for its involvement in the mitochondrial oxidation of long-chain fatty acids, no scientific evidence has been found that carnitine in isolation enhances fat-burning.

ion chromatography

Generic method for isocratic separation of fifteen common pharmaceutical counterions

Many medicines and dietary supplements are bases that carry a positive charge, and consequently these small molecules are accompanied by negatively charged counterions. Such anionic excipients may influence the properties of the pharmaceutical formulation and can also influence the effect of the active ingredient since different ion pairs can have different dissolution rates or abilities to penetrate cell walls.

ion chromatography

Analysis of dietary supplement capsules with glucosamine using a generic method for counterions

Oral glucosamine is a dietary supplement that is marketed to support the structure and function of joints and claimed to provide pain relief for people with arthritis and osteoarthritis, although there is no clear evidence that its benefit is significantly above placebo.

ion chromatography

Generic method for isocratic separation of ten common pharmaceutical counterions

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Tobias Jonsson
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